![]() It is well known that both during exercise and postexercise athletes do not entirely replace the fluid deficits incurred as a result of sweating. 23– 25 Although individual variations are considerable because sweat rate (SwtR) is largely influenced by metabolic rate and environmental factors, such as air temperature, wind velocity, and humidity, 26, 27 football players sweat at higher rates compared with average-sized athletes (eg, runners) exercising in the same environmental conditions. This question might be of importance, especially in the sport of American football, as players frequently practice and play in environmentally stressful conditions. However, little attention has been focused on drinking behavior based on the availability of fluids during exercise. ![]() ![]() Fluid consumption studies are generally designed so that fluid availability is held constant drink preference and how that preference relates to the volume of fluid consumed are typically measured. 15, 21 Research 6– 11, 15, 19, 20, 23 has indicated that during exercise and postexercise, athletes tend to drink more when fluids are cold or have an appealing taste. Maintaining fluid balance during exercise and regaining it postexercise through oral rehydration has been studied 1– 21 extensively over the past 30 years, with particular attention given to factors such as thirst and palatability of fluids, 2, 6– 11 gastric emptying, 12, 14, 22 intestinal absorption, 13, 14 and fluid retention.
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